Compressor working principle

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A centrifugal compressor is a working wheel with blades that rotates on the shaft of the compressor. The gas entering the working wheel is rotated by the blades, increasing the kinetic energy (speed) and static pressure (pressure), and then going out of the working wheel into the diffuser Inside, the speed of the gas in the diffuser is converted to pressure, and the pressure is further increased. The compressed gas enters the next stage of the impeller through the bend and the refluxer and is further compressed to the required pressure. For example: Generally, a prime mover (motor) drives a shaft, and the shaft is equipped with 4 impellers. It is like a shaft with 4 electric fans, and the wind of one electric fan is transmitted to the second electric fan. Passed to another electric fan, and finally you feel the force of the wind is the same. In this way, the centrifugal compressor increases the pressure of the gas through the impeller.

Compressor working principle

Piston compressor

When the crankshaft of the piston compressor rotates, the piston reciprocates through the transmission of the connecting rod, and the working volume formed by the inner wall of the cylinder, the cylinder head and the top surface of the piston changes periodically. When the piston of a piston compressor starts to move from the cylinder head, the working volume in the cylinder gradually increases. At this time, the gas follows the intake pipe and pushes the intake valve to enter the cylinder until the working volume reaches the maximum. , The intake valve is closed; when the piston of the piston compressor moves in the reverse direction, the working volume in the cylinder is reduced, and the gas pressure is increased. When the pressure in the cylinder reaches and is slightly higher than the exhaust pressure, the exhaust valve opens and the gas is discharged out of the cylinder , Until the piston moves to the limit position, the exhaust valve is closed. When the piston of the piston compressor moves in the reverse direction again, the above process repeats. In a word, the crankshaft of the piston compressor rotates once, the piston reciprocates once, and the process of air intake, compression, and exhaust is realized in the cylinder, which completes a working cycle.

Compressor working principle

Synovial ring compressor

A proper amount of water is installed in the pump body as the working fluid. Due to the centrifugal force, the water forms a closed ring of approximately equal thickness determined by the shape of the pump cavity. The inner surface of the upper part of the water ring is just tangent to the hub of the impeller, and the inner surface of the lower part of the water ring is just in contact with the top of the blade (in fact, the blade has a certain insertion depth in the water ring). At this time, a crescent-shaped space is formed between the impeller hub and the water ring, and this space is divided by the impeller into several small cavities with the same number of blades. If the upper part of the impeller is 0° as the starting point, the volume of the small cavity becomes larger when the impeller rotates 180° before, and it is connected to the suction port on the end face. At this time, the gas is sucked in. When the suction ends, the small cavity It is isolated from the suction port; when the impeller continues to rotate, the small cavity changes from large to small, so that the gas is compressed; when the small cavity communicates with the exhaust port, the gas is discharged out of the pump.

Compressor working principle

Rolling piston compressor

The rolling piston compressor is a driven fluid machine that elevates low-pressure gas to high-pressure. It is the heart of the refrigeration system. It sucks in low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas from the suction pipe, drives the piston to compress it through the operation of the motor, and discharges the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid to the exhaust pipe to provide power for the refrigeration cycle. Compression→condensation→expansion→evaporation (heat absorption) refrigeration cycle. The compressor realizes gas compression by relying on the rotating piston eccentrically installed in the cylinder to make rolling motion in the cylindrical cylinder and the reciprocating motion of a sliding plate in contact with the rolling piston.

Compressor working principle

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