“You have a new take-out order, please handle it in a timely manner!†At the peak of the meal, there is a mala Tang shop on Chaoyang Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. The orders for take-away orders are heard one after another. The waiter packed up the meal with a variety of lunch boxes and was busy. The take-out boy who waited for the meal was often pressed. Behind the hot business of the Mala Tang shop is the rapid development of online ordering. Food and beverage takeaways have led to a surge in the use of disposable tableware, posing a threat to the ecological environment. Not long ago, the Chongqing Green Volunteers Association, an environmental protection organization, appealed to the courts on the grounds of causing waste of resources and environmental pollution and selling the three major take-out platforms: hungry, US group take-out, and Baidu take-out. How to crack the environmental predicament of the take-away garbage is getting more and more attention from the society. The daily orders of the three major take-away platforms are about 20 million yuan. Most of the waste generated is landfilled or burned. The weekend did not want to cook but wanted to improve the food. Liu Ke, a Beijing citizen, used to take delivery. “I didn’t think at first, but later discovered that the packaging was really wasted. The main course has large boxes, small dishes have small boxes, seasonings have sealed bags, barbecue has aluminum foil sealing paper, in order to prevent leaking soup, the lunch boxes are covered with fresh layers. Membrane, plastic spoons, disposable chopsticks, toothpicks, paper towels, plastic bags, order bars, etc... I'm worried about this, so many packages, most of which are plastic products, are hard to degrade. Garbage ah! Realize this, I have little takeaway." Liu Ke said. Takeaway packaging, businesses also have difficulties. The Wang boss of the Spicy shop told reporters that Chinese food and western food are different, and soup and oil are more than suitable for carton packaging. Taking into account the cost factor, it is not appropriate to degrade the lunch box. At present, only good and inexpensive plastic lunch boxes can be used. “The fact that the packaging is not strictly caused the soup to spill out is very easy to be complained. Therefore, it is not surprising that there are so many rubbish in the shop that it is able to pack more and pack more and pack it more tightly. Since 2011, China’s online take-away catering market has maintained rapid growth. According to the “2017 China Online Takeaway Catering Industry Research Report†published by Aimei Consultation, the number of online food and beverage takeout users in China reached 256 million in 2016, and the market size reached 166.24 billion yuan. The number of online catering takeaways in 2017 is expected to reach 301 million people. The market size is expected to reach 204.56 billion yuan. According to a conservative estimate of public data, the sum of orders for the three major take-out platforms, which are hungry, US group take-out, and Baidu take-out, is about 20 million yuan. Calculated with 0.06 square meters of plastic bags for each single take-out and each plastic bag, the daily used plastic bags can cover an area of ​​1.2 million square meters and spread over 168 football fields. According to an investigation by an environmental organization, on average, each meal delivery will consume 3.27 disposable plastic lunch boxes/cups, which means that there are more than 60 million meal boxes consumed each day. Calculated at a height of 5 centimeters per lunch box, it is equivalent to 339 Mount Everest. Wen Zongguo, director of the Circular Economy Industrial Research Center at Tsinghua University, said that the plastic materials used in the take-out are mostly polypropylene and polyethylene and are difficult to degrade. In addition to meal boxes, meal cups, and plastic bags, takeaway garbage is also contaminated with food scraps. At present, after take-away refuse enters the sanitation system for the treatment of domestic waste, part of it is landfilled, part of it is burned, and only a small amount is recycled. “A large amount of take-away garbage directly or indirectly increases the pollution of the atmosphere, water, and soil. For non-degradable plastic products, landfills allow the garbage to remain in the soil for a long time; if it is burned, the chlorine that may be contained therein will cause the smoke to The difficulty of handling is increased, and the probability of the generation of toxic and harmful substances is increased. If the food delivery residue is not processed in a timely manner, it will easily affect the environmental sanitation and increase the pressure on the end of the garbage disposal, said Wen Zongguo. Degradable lunch boxes still do not have the conditions to completely replace disposable plastic lunch boxes Currently, the recycling rate of take-away garbage is very low. Liu Jianguo, professor of Tsinghua University’s School of Environmental Studies and deputy director of the Ministry of Education’s Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, said that there are relatively few scattered food wastes with low recycling value, and most of them adhere to oil, soup, food residues, and the economic cost of recycling. Environmental costs are relatively high and there is no profit. Naturally, no one has recovered. So, how to solve the environmental problems caused by the take-away garbage? Some people advocate vigorously promoting the use of biodegradable lunch boxes, but at present this is not a perfect solution. "Degradable lunch boxes are often heavier than disposable plastic lunch boxes. If they are only partially degradable, they will not make much sense; even if they are completely degradable, they will need to undergo degradation for six to two years under certain conditions. It will not be 'disappeared' immediately, and it will need to be treated as garbage collection and transportation after it is discarded.†Liu Jianguo said that if the terminal processing facility for biodegradable lunch boxes is a composting plant or landfill, there is a certain significance if the terminal is an incinerator. That's basically meaningless. Moreover, the biodegradable lunch box manufacturing process and the processing and utilization process also have resources, energy consumption and pollutant emissions, and the environmental friendliness should be viewed from the perspective of the whole life cycle. Wen Zongguo said that starting from the analysis of the whole life cycle, systematically assess links such as take-away logistics, waste discharge, treatment and disposal, and avoid measures to be taken in a single link, and there is a “hidden†transfer of environmental impact between different links. For example, some local governments require take-out paper boxes. In fact, the production process of paper lunch boxes also has environmental impacts such as water pollution, and it is difficult to recycle food after it is stored. It is necessary to evaluate its environmental impact from the entire life cycle. Is it really smaller than a plastic lunch box? Some people advocate using "sharing thinking" to solve problems, such as using thick recyclable snack boxes, stainless steel insulation boxes, etc. Liu Jianguo and other experts are not optimistic about this. "The lunch box is used to hold food. Safety and health are the first. 'Sharing', who will guarantee, how to ensure safety and health? How many consumers can accept the meal box 'sharing'?" Liu Jianguo said. Liu Jianguo said that biodegradable lunch boxes and shared lunch boxes can be useful supplements, but these products do not currently have the conditions to replace disposable plastic lunch boxes. To solve from the perspective of the whole supply chain, all parties concerned must share responsibility The environmental problems caused by the take-away garbage have already attracted the attention of relevant departments and related industries. On November 2nd, National Development and Reform Commission chief Li Feng said that the National Development and Reform Commission will work with related departments to study and adjust the “plastic limit order†and study and formulate relevant implementation plans to limit the use of a series of non-degradable plastic packaging in take-away and other industries. In June this year, the U.S. delegation took a joint joint venture with the China Cuisine Association, the China Environmental Protection Foundation, and the 100 food and beverage takeout companies to establish a "green take-out coalition," and jointly issued the "Green Take-out Convention" to promote the use of green tableware. The U.S. delegation also set up a chief environmental protection officer to launch the “Qingshan Plan†and promote the solution to environmental issues in the take-out industry. Wen Zongguo said that from the point of view of the entire supply chain system to solve the environmental problems brought about by the use of garbage, takeaway platform, businesses and consumers in the supply chain need to bear common but differentiated environmental responsibilities. Takeaway platform as the core link in the supply chain, with no responsibility. Liu Jianguo stated that the extended producer responsibility system should be implemented in the take-out enterprises, and the take-away companies should bear some of the costs for the recovery and disposal of the take-out garbage, instead of completely paying the government and paying the people. Some experts believe that take-away platforms and merchants can set up a recycling fund, which can be used to pay for the recycling or disposal of food containers according to sales. The government must shoulder the responsibility of guidance and supervision. Liu Jianguo believes that regulations on packaging waste management should be formulated at the national level to define the responsibilities of various parties involved in the design, production, distribution, recycling, disposal, and use of various types of packaging, including take-away waste, and to regulate individuals, businesses, and governments. behavior. Experts also suggested that the establishment of an effective waste sorting and recycling system should be accelerated, and the classification, recycling and resource utilization of the waste should be strengthened. Through subsidies, etc., enterprises should be actively involved in the take-out waste recycling system to allow more waste to become waste. For treasure. At the same time, we will increase scientific and technological R&D efforts, develop low-cost, more environmentally-friendly materials, and replace traditional packaging materials. Not long ago, the US group took delivery and was hungry. On the APP ordering page, the “no need to cutlery†option was added to reduce the use of disposable tableware such as chopsticks and napkins. When you are hungry, you can also provide point rewards for users who choose to “do not need cutlery,†and you can redeem items at the points mall. For the "no cutlery" option, there are not many consumers currently selected. Sometimes, even if the consumer chooses this option, some businesses will either save time or worry about bad reviews and still deliver the cutlery. Experts such as Liu Jianguo called for individuals to minimize unnecessary consumption of food, start with themselves, start with small things, and practice green living and green consumption. All parties must take responsibility, do not let environmental protection actions become furnishings, put all kinds of feasible measures into practice, and promote the crackdown on the environmental protection difficulties of food waste. 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