At present, the proportion of digital power in system development is gradually increasing, and it is increasingly favored by power management developers. And in this era of "fast charging and wireless charging," digital power is playing a pivotal role. So how to design an efficient programmable digital power supply, how to achieve wider output voltage requirements? In response to these problems, on the 17th Power Management Forum co-hosted by Electronic Engineering Album, Electronic Technology Design, and International Electronics Business, PI Ping’s senior field application engineer He Ping gave everyone a wonderful sharing of technology. [Graphic explanation of the level of PI's offline flyback power supply digital control solution] In the speech, He Ping fully demonstrated the digital control of off-line flyback power from the following aspects. The USB PD power supply that meets the wide output voltage requirement is first described, and then it is further elaborated that the improved flyback topology can provide a cost-effective and efficient solution to meet the DoE(6) efficiency requirement. Finally, we explained in detail how to optimize the design of a wide output voltage range flyback power supply, specific challenges, and a highly integrated digital control scheme with I2C interface. Any excellent design scheme is inseparable from its high efficiency and reliability. As we all know, the simpler the structure is, the higher its reliability will be. This kind of variable-frequency flyback topology scheme introduced by PI is also the same. Due to its high degree of integration, the total number of components in the overall solution is small. What about efficiency? The frequency conversion technology used in this solution can maintain high efficiency throughout the entire load range, while higher efficiency means lower heat dissipation. In addition, for a wide output voltage application, the power supply will inevitably work in the CCM or DCM operating mode. To improve the efficiency, the synchronous rectification and quasi-resonant switching methods used in the solution can be guaranteed under various output conditions. Efficient. Increasing efficiency is an eternal topic in power supply design. And no matter how the input voltage and load change, the power supply must always maintain a smooth high efficiency. With the emergence of PD power supply/fast charge source, the output voltage of the power supply needs to be changed according to the application requirements of the load. Therefore, whether or not it can meet the requirements of international energy efficiency standards under various output conditions is not a problem for designers. Small challenge. On the other hand, efficiency improvement also has positive significance for thermal design. By reducing the thermal requirements of the adapter, engineers can optimize the cost, size, weight, and other indicators to achieve high power density, high reliability power supply design. So how does PI's design plan improve efficiency and reliability? Let's take a look. 1 Precise control of SR switching timing improves efficiency and reliability Precise switching of the primary switch and the opening of the secondary SR can reduce the conduction time of the diode of the synchronous rectifier diode, thereby improving the efficiency. After the secondary rectifier is turned off, the timing control mode of the secondary side sending the primary side power switch to turn on the instruction can ensure the high reliability of the synchronous rectification in the CCM working mode. Pictured: Accurate control of SR switch timing 2 EMI and Audio Noise Optimization Reduces System Cost Transformer shield windings reduce common-mode noise, while frequency modulation reduces peak values ​​in the EMI scan spectrum, which can reduce the cost of EMI filter components. Under light load, the method of reducing the operating frequency is generally used to improve the light load efficiency, but under a certain load, the switching frequency will fall below 20 kHz and enter the audio noise range. Especially when the switching frequency is close to the resonant frequency point of the transformer itself, relatively large audible noise will be generated. To improve this situation, the state-of-the-art state controller used by PI prevents the power supply from operating at a switching frequency of 7 to 12 kHz, which is the most common operating frequency band for most transformers. In addition, in order to further reduce the audio noise, in the design of the transformer, when the operating frequency is <20kHz, the magnetic flux density BAC <120mT is ensured. Pictured: EMI and audio noise optimization 3 Using I2C interface In addition to the above design advantages, PI's solution also uses an integrated I2C interface to communicate with an external microprocessor through this interface, and to perform precise dynamic step control of the output voltage and current of the power supply through software—voltage step steps. It is 10mV and the current step step is 50mA - enabling digitally programmable power conversion. The advantage of this is that it supports the PPS in the USB PD3.0 subset and can more accurately control the output voltage level. In addition to the external programming control of the output characteristics, various protection features of the power supply can also be artificially customized. All of these powerful setup functions can be implemented using only a simple external microcontroller, eliminating the need for complex interface circuits for different protocols. The entire system is characterized by safety, reliability and small size, and it can realize remote control and monitoring. ã€The picture shows: Using I2C interface circuit】 He Ping concluded by saying that the solutions designed by PI can not only meet the USB PD power requirements of wide output voltage, but also provide cost-effective and meet the DoE (6) efficiency requirements through its improved flyback topology. The integrated I2C interface is safe, reliable, and small in size. It also enables remote control and monitoring. It also supports the use of a simpler external microcontroller and eliminates complicated protocol interface circuits. ã€The picture shows the 17th power management forum "fast charge and wireless charging" forum venue] The final part of the 17th Power Management Forum is roundtable talks. PI senior product manager Chris Lee and other company representatives attended the roundtable forum and further shared with the guests the achievements of PI's products in multiple markets and answered the questions of the guests. Chris puts forward: In the face of fast-growing fast charging and wireless charging market, PI is more concerned about how to use the product value to help customers. The cost of the product includes material cost + production cost. PI highly integrated products will greatly increase production efficiency in mass production and help customers reduce production costs; in addition, the high reliability of PI products can minimize the market rework of products. , reduce operating costs. 〠Pictured PI Senior Product Manager Chris Lee at the Roundtable Forum 】
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