The state is trying to push the reform of the automotive industry with the establishment of top-level design. “In a comprehensive view, the transformation and upgrading of China's automobile industry and the change from strong to strong are ushering in a rare historical opportunity.†On April 25, the “Long-term Development Plan for the Automotive Industry†held by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology publicized the teleconference. Miao Wei, minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, clearly pointed out the historical significance of the plan. On the evening of the meeting, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Science and Technology jointly issued the "Mid-term and Long-term Development Plan for the Automotive Industry" ("Development Plan"). This strategic plan, which was drafted in 2016, is mainly based on the “Made in China 2025†published in 2015. It can basically be identified as an upgraded version of “Made in China 2025 (car version)â€. "The overall outline is similar, but the overall thinking is also consistent, but it is more detailed." On April 25, the chairman of the China Association of Automobile Engineering paid a report to the reporter of the Economic Observer. In this plan, the three ministries clearly put forward the general planning objectives of “strive for continuous efforts for ten years and step into the ranks of the world's automobile powersâ€, and follow the new generation of technological revolutionary trends, from many aspects for the rise of the Chinese domestic auto industry. , set the direction and subdivision target. "The ecology of the global automotive industry is reshaping." The article entitled "Interpretation of the "Long-Term Development Plan for the Automotive Industry" published by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on April 25th. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology made this judgment mainly in three aspects: First, the product's product form and production methods were deeply reformed; secondly, emerging demands such as personalization, experience, and socialization quickly emerged, and new business models emerged continuously; Third, the global auto industry competition has undergone profound adjustments. For Chinese national cars, to join this competition requires a more forward-looking layout. "The core principle is to make China's brand cars bigger and stronger, and to cultivate an internationally competitive enterprise group." The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology stated in the above-mentioned explanation. From the perspective of the route, this 10-year development plan is based on breakthroughs in new energy vehicles and smart grid-linked vehicles, and ultimately the transformation and upgrading of the automotive industry. In terms of measures, the plan proposes ways to optimize the industrial development environment, promote collaborative innovation within and outside the industry, and promote global arrangements and internationalization of industrial systems. Specifically, it can be summarized with four numbers of “1668â€: one total goal, six subdivision goals, six key tasks, and eight key projects. The main problem to be solved by the “1668†plan is that the current automobile industry is big and not strong. “For instance, the lack of innovation capability and the lack of some key core technologies have caused some deep-seated problems to emerge as the economic downward pressure continues to increase and car ownership has increased substantially,†said the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's Equipment Division. In addition, this development plan also responded to several hot issues in the development of the automotive industry, including the merger and reorganization of state-owned enterprises, and the opening schedule of auto joint ventures. In particular, new energy vehicles and internet vehicles have for the first time set clear future market goals. "Auto Power" Redefined The overall goal of the "Development Plan" is only one sentence, that is, "strive for continuous efforts for ten years and step into the ranks of the world's automobile powers." So what is a car power? Previously, in the "Made in China 2025" released in 2015, a clear definition has been given: "By 2020, we will build a star model and enter the world's top 10 sales; by 2025, before the sales of two auto companies enter the world, 10." "Made in China 2025" also gives another standard - China's auto industry now accounts for only 1.53% of GDP, while auto-powerful countries are generally around 4%. In the development plan announced this time, this general goal was broken down into six specific goals, including six aspects of new energy, intelligent network, parts and components, brand internationalization, vehicle intelligent technology, and fuel consumption. Among them, with the goal of “further promotion†in the strength of parts and brand influence, the objectives in the new potential energy industry chain such as new energy, intelligence, and automotive aftermarket have become clearer— "By 2020, we will form a number of new energy auto companies that have entered the top 10 in the world. By 2025, the new energy vehicle backbone enterprises will further increase their global influence and market share, and Smart Connect will enter the world's advanced ranks." By 2020, the level of intelligence will increase significantly, and the proportion of auto aftermarket and service industries in the value chain will exceed 45%. By 2025, the key areas will be fully intelligent, and the proportion of auto aftermarket and service industries in the value chain. More than 55%." The other is the improvement of technical strength. Similar to the structure of “Made in China 2025â€, the “Development Plan†further transforms the six goals into eight “columns†and proposes innovation center construction projects, key component breakthrough projects, new energy vehicle R&D and promotion and application projects, Intelligent network-linked automobile advance engineering and other eight projects. Among them, in the first innovation center construction project, it is proposed that by 2020, the construction of a manufacturing innovation center in the automobile field such as power batteries and intelligent network-linked automobiles will be completed. Each of these innovative projects has set quantitative indicators. For example, in the automobile quality brand construction project, by 2020, the research and development funds of key automotive companies will account for about 4% of operating income, and the average failure rate of new vehicles will decrease by 30% compared with 2015, forming a number of world-famous automotive brands; by 2025, the backbone automotive companies will develop R&D. Funds accounted for about 6% of operating income, and the average failure rate of new vehicles of key enterprises reached the same level as international brands. It can be seen that the "Development Plan" maps the development goals of the automotive industry in the next nine years to new energy and intelligent technologies. The new breakthrough of "turning overtaking" The reason why the plan is to be arranged in this way is in fact in line with the concept of the “turning overtaking†of the Chinese auto industry. Another potential goal for China to vigorously promote the development of new energy vehicles is to advance beyond technology and achieve leadership through the development of new energy vehicles (EVs). Through nearly four years of promotion and support, China has become the world's largest market for new energy vehicles. In terms of core technology and industrial chain training, China has already achieved the world's most advanced technology and has taken the lead. In terms of automotive Internet technology, China has achieved a comprehensive lead. This is also the background for the launch of the "Development Plan." “In 2016, there were more than 14 million Chinese branded automobiles, and the market recognition was greatly enhanced. In certain market segments, it has been able to compete with international first-tier brands on the same platform. New energy vehicle development has made significant progress. In 2016, it produced and sold more than 500,000 vehicles. The cumulative promotion volume exceeds 1 million units, and the global share exceeds 50%. In the area of ​​intelligent grid-linked vehicles, some companies have taken the initiative in the layout, and the scale of automotive products with assisted driving functions and networked features has entered the market, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology explained. In the "Development Plan", the country hopes that the automotive industry's intention to win is obvious. In new energy vehicles and Internet cars, the speed of development has once again been raised. Compared with the previous goal of “Made in China 2025â€, “The year of 2025, the annual sales of new energy vehicles synchronized with international advanced levels will reach 3 million, and the market share of independent new energy vehicles will reach 80%â€. The “Development Plan†put forward the “expected that China's auto production will reach 35 million in 2025†and “2025, new energy vehicles will account for more than 20% of automobile production and salesâ€. This is also the first time that China's new energy source in 2025 has been clarified. The minimum target for automobile production and sales is 7 million vehicles. At the same time, the target of sales of new energy vehicles in 2020 will also rise from “the annual sales volume of independent new energy vehicles will exceed 1 million units, and the market share will reach 70% or moreâ€. It will be “up to 2020, the annual sales of new energy vehicles will reach 2 million units. ". This means that during the five years from 2020 to 2025, the sales of new energy vehicles in China will achieve explosive growth, from 2 million to 7 million. It is worth noting that neither the “Made in China 2025†nor the subsequent interpretation of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has directly defined the target of total new energy sales in 2020 and 2025. The “State-Owned 2025†issued by the State Council and forwarded by various ministries and commissions. "Clearly points out that there is a deletion in this article." Compared with “Made in China 2025â€, whether this goal has been improved has not been finalized. However, in view of the various versions, there has been a significant increase. In intelligent networked vehicles, the development plan proposes a more aggressive goal. According to the plan, by 2020, the assembly rate of new cars for DA (driving assistance), PA (partially automatic driving), and CA (conditional automatic driving) systems will exceed 50%, and the assembly rate of the networked driving assistance system will reach 10%. Transportation city construction needs. By 2025, the assembly rate of new cars for DA, PA and CA will reach 80%, of which PA and CA-class new vehicles will have an assembly rate of 25%, and highly autonomous and fully self-driving cars will enter the market. The goal of “Made in China 2025†is: “To master the overall technology and key technologies of intelligent assisted driving by 2020, we will initially establish an independent R&D system and production support system for intelligent networked vehicles. By 2025, master the overall auto-driving system. The technology and various key technologies have established a relatively complete independent R&D system, production supporting system and industrial cluster for intelligent network-linked vehicles, and have basically completed the transformation and upgrading of the automobile industry.†Compared with the “Development Planâ€, the gap is very large. The "Road of the Road" of Auto Powers The issuance of the "Development Plan" has been foreshadowed. In the “Made in China 2025†plan issued in 2015, when policy makers reflect on the reasons why China’s auto industry is not strong enough, the first is “the absence of a clear system, continuous industrial development strategy and top-level design, and the absence of auto industry policy. Sustainability has caused the domestic auto market to fluctuate. The company's production capacity is either difficult to adapt to, or is idle, which intensifies the low-level competition in the domestic market. The industry is large but not strong.†This is also the start of the “Long-Term Automotive Development Plan†in 2016. The direct cause. In addition to the top-level design, "Made in China 2025" also lists the remaining four major issues: First, the key core technologies are subject to human beings and their ability for independent innovation is weak. At present, China’s major auto groups still do not fully master key technologies in passenger vehicle platform technologies, engine systems, new energy batteries, etc., and have not yet formed a complete industrial system and capabilities; second, they lack the support for basic research and common technology platforms and innovation systems. Research on basic generic technologies is still weak. In addition, there is currently no cross-industry, cross-sector, cross-technical coordination and management mechanism. Third, the overall technology level and R&D capabilities of the traditional automotive industry are weak, and the supply chain system is incomplete. Fourth, the development of commercial operating modes, humanities and other soft environments is lagging behind. There are still gaps between the level of auto-technologies used in independent brands, product quality, and performance that are in line with the international advanced level, and there is a lack of core competitiveness. In the "Development Plan", the "diagnosis" mentioned above all obtained the "prescription" of the right medicine type. But from the reality, how easy is it to implement? In terms of enhancing independent research and development capabilities, development planning requires that by 2020, backbone automotive companies' R&D expenditures account for approximately 4% of operating revenue, and the average failure rate of new vehicles is 30% lower than in 2015, forming a number of world-renowned auto brands; by 2025, the backbone The R&D expenses of auto companies accounted for about 6% of operating income. The average failure rate of new cars of key enterprises reached the same level as those of international first-tier brands, and the production and sales volume of some Chinese brand auto companies entered the top ten in the world. 4% is the bottom line for R&D investment by international companies, but in China this proportion is rarely reached by companies. For example, SAIC Group, its R & D investment ratio is less than 2%, this ratio is far lower than the proportion of its marketing expenses. "On the issue of the ratio of research and development, most companies are unable to reach it. Of course, there are also a few companies that have exceeded or even reached 10%." Fu Yu pointed out. This caused the technical weakness of Chinese national cars. “We are at the low end of the industry chain. It is manufacturing, not creation.†“Made in China 2025†was pointed out at the beginning. It is worth noting that the name "automobile brand automobile" used in "Made in China 2025" has been changed to "Chinese brand car" in the "Development Plan". This is the beginning of the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers in 2014. The call for the use of the title is aimed at building the brand awareness of Chinese local cars. Probably, even more concern for car manufacturers is that, for the first time in the “Development Planâ€, it is clearly proposed that “the improvement of the domestic and foreign investment management system and the orderly release of the equity ratio limit of joint venturesâ€. This is the first time in recent years that the position of the automobile joint venture has been liberalized. This position has been published in a document officially issued by such a high-profile central ministry and issued in the form of a joint ministry. For Chinese local car companies, it will be the signal of the advent of full-scale competition.
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New breakthroughs in "new prescriptions" and "curve passing"
"The ecology of the global automotive industry is reshaping." The article entitled "Interpretation of the "Long-Term Development Plan for the Automotive Industry" published by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on April 25th.